For over 50 years, researchers have been trying to teach computers to read music notation, which we refer to as Optical Music Recognition. However, this field is still difficult to access for new researchers, especially those without a significant musical background: few introductory materials are available, and furthermore the field has struggled with defining itself and building a shared terminology.
To address these shortcomings, Jorge Calvo-Zaragoza, Jan Hajič Jr., and Alexander Pacha have written a tutorial about the OMR field itself. The article can be freely accessed at https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.03608